Polish astronomer; b. 19 February 1473 (Torún, Poland), d. 24 May 1543 (Frauenberg, East Prussia; today's Frombork, Poland)
Copernicus' contribution to the development of science and his position with regard to the use of science in society is the topic of Lecture 19.
Portrait: detail from the ephitaphium in St. John Basilique in Torún, c. 1580; public domain.